What is Bad Breath

Understanding and treating halitosis

What is Bad Breath?

Halitosis (bad breath) is the bad odor in the breath that comes out from mouth or nose which disturbs both the person and the people around. Bad breath has a negative impact on interpersonal relations and it causes problems like social pressure, psychological stress and lack of self confidence to occur for the person. Even social and individual isolation can be seen due to problems relating with bad breath.

Is Bad Breath Common?

Bad breath can be frequently seen in people from all ages in the community. In at least 50% of adults, at some time in their lives and especially after waking up, a bad breath which cannot be socially accepted is observed.

Men

Bad breath is observed 3 times more in men than in women

Age Factor

Observed 3 times more in individuals above age 20 than youngsters

Causes of Bad Breath

Reasons for bad breath could be pathological or physiological, and in some cases, both could be seen together.

Important: 80-90% of pathological halitosis arise as relating with mouth and 10-20% arise due to reasons not relating with mouth.

Oral Causes

Dental Issues
  • Dental decays
  • Poor fillings
  • Gingival diseases
  • Implants in bad condition
Other Oral Factors
  • Tongue and tongue root layer
  • Mouth dryness
  • Poor oral hygiene
  • Tonsil diseases

Non-Oral Causes

If odor originates from nose or has medical reasons, it should be evaluated by a medical doctor. The most frequently seen anatomic reason of nose stuffiness is septal deviation.

Physiological Causes

Lifestyle Factors

Hunger, smoking cigarettes, poor oral hygiene, food remains

Food Factors

High protein foods, odoriferous foods such as onion, garlic, radish

Beverages

Coffee, alcohol and some spices

Hormonal

Menstruation can cause temporary bad breath

Treatment and Prevention

Halitosis treatment is based on:
  • Paying attention to mouth hygiene
  • Brushing teeth and tongue
  • Cleaning the parts between teeth
  • Having treatment for dental infections
  • Reducing smoking cigarettes
  • Avoiding harmful food
  • Regular nutrition intervals
  • Visiting dentist once in 6 months

Why Brush Your Tongue?

Back of the tongue is covered with bacteria. This layer rich with microorganisms produces hydrogen sulphide and methyl mercaptan that is directly related with bad breath. For this reason brushing the tongue is as important as brushing the teeth.

Tongue Scrapers

Use plastic tongue scrapers and small brushes for effective cleaning

Regular Cleaning

Repeat tongue cleaning process a few times a day

Bad Breath in Children

In children between the ages of 2-5, a specific bad breath that develops as relating with food remains in tonsil crypts and bacteria is observed. First apply to a pedodontist, if bad breath cannot be eliminated despite diagnosis and treatment, consult with a pediatric dentist.

Bad breath could be a sign of various systemic diseases, so it should be taken seriously and evaluated by appropriate healthcare professionals.